For many viruses, capsids (biological nanoparticles) assemble to protect genetic material and dissociate to release their cargo. To understand these contradictory properties, we analyzed capsid ...

Phytoviruses depend on intercellular movement to implement systemic infection, which is controlled by several biological macromolecules from pathogens and hosts. Strategically interrupting this ...

The capsid, in some cases, is surrounded by a membranous envelope (like the caramel on a caramel apple), which protects it and helps it catch hold of a cell.