U.S. District Judge Amit Mehta will soon decide the future of Google’s vast search business, which he declared an unlawful monopoly last year. Yet as the court weighs its options, new artificial intelligence rivals may already be chipping away at Google’s dominance faster than any judge’s ruling could take effect.

A federal judge grappled Friday with the way artificial intelligence (AI) is rapidly changing the internet, as he weighed what penalties Google will ultimately face for illegally monopolizing

The federal judge who will decide how to limit Google’s monopoly in search is considering its advantage in artificial intelligence, and aiming to minimize harm to the other players in the market with any resolution.